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The ‘recirculating aquaculture system’ (RAS) is an upcoming production system in intensive fish production, where over 90% of the water is recycled for production of live feed, larvae and fry and on-growing fish.
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Arenales del Sol WWTP in Spain combines biological treatment with nutrient removal using a submerged MBR system fitted with flat sheet (FS) ultrafiltration membranes, and has an average treatment capacity of 10,000 m3/d (10 MLD).
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In our 2012 MBR survey, we asked for the views of a range of MBR stakeholders regarding the perceived technical challenges facing MBRs: What is the main technical problem that prevents MBRs working as they should?
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When routine maintenance membrane cleans fail to achieve the required recovery, and more aggressive recovery cleans are also found wanting, ex-situ cleaning becomes necessary. This incurs extensive manual intervention, not always with guaranteed success.
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The German river association Erftverband has been into MBRs for municipal wastewater treatment for more than a decade, installing the first such system in Germany and commissioning what was the largest membrane bioreactor in the world.
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Membrane bioreactors, and specifically those treating municipal wastewater, are subject to ‘ragging’. When the membrane module is removed, characteristic thick strands of material can be seen hanging from the bottom of the module.
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In October 2009, we received a list of what was thought to be the 20 largest MBRs in the world at that time. The peak daily flow capacities on that list ranged from 30 to 100 MLD, with the total capacity being just over 1,000 MLD.
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A number of factors have been instrumental in the acceptance of MBR technology in the wastewater industry as an alternative to traditional conventional treatment systems. Victoria Kippax explains the MemPulse MBR system.
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MBRs are growing in size and number, reflecting a growing confidence in the technology. The number of MBR membrane module products is currently increasing by 3−5 a year, and the market itself is growing exponentially at a rate between 11.5 and 13%.
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Phenomena relating to the agglomeration of solids has received little or no attention from the scientific community, and yet such irreversible deposition of solids clearly impairs MBR operation.
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