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Ragging is a type of clogging, where clogging relates to agglomeration of solids in the membrane tank. In the case of ragging, filament solids from textile materials join together to form long braids which are mechanically stable in the mixed liquor.
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In 2019, the UK introduced its 2050 net zero target amendment to the Climate Change Act (2008). A year on, the Committee on Climate Change’s 2020 progress report revealed that the UK is already far off-course, with just 1 of 25 critical policies delivered.
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Energy consumption is the most significant cost and contributor to environmental impact during MBR operation. The plant at Kaarst-Nordkanal highlights the impact of the on-site installation of AD on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
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Emphasis on the circular economy and extracting value from waste has focused attention on the pathogen content of biosolids (i.e. treated wastewater sludge) intended for reuse in agriculture, based primarily on E. coli as an indicator micro-organism.
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Biochar is the organic solid char product from biomass pyrolysis, i.e. thermal treatment in a (mostly) oxygen-free atmosphere. It has many potential uses, e.g. as an adsorbent for pollutant removal, but its main application is in agriculture.
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A comparison of anaerobic digestion and combustion with two more novel oxygen-deficient thermochemical processes (pyrolysis and gasification) for resource recovery from sewage sludge reveal the challenges to the implementation of these technologies.
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The arguments surrounding the precise target sludge (or mixed liquor suspended solids, MLSS) concentration to use when running an MBR are pretty well developed but what is it that ultimately sets the solids concentration range?
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Evaluation of a treatment scheme comprising an AnMBR with a downstream algal membrane photobioreactor (MPBR). The AnMBR performance was assessed in terms of its organic carbon removal and biogas generation.
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The main contribution to the total expenditure (TOTEX) of a membrane installation is normally the capital (or investment) expenditure (CAPEX). Labour costs can be as significant as both membrane replacement and energy consumption...
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The University of Technology in Sydney, Australia hosted the 10th IMSTEC in February 2020. Despite bushfires and coronavirus, the organisers delivered a stimulating and well-attended event on behalf of the Membrane Society of Australasia.
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The interest in anaerobic MBRs (AnMBRs) relates largely to resource recovery and the circular economy − anaerobic treatment permits energy recovery through conversion of the organic carbon (OC) to a methane biogas.
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Clogging can take place within MBR module channels as a thick deposit which fills the channel (‘sludging’ or ‘localised dewatering’). Long rags or braids can develop in the tank itself which wrap around the membrane tank infrastructure.
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