Topic
Classical wastewater treatment: conventional activated sludge process
A conventional activated sludge (CAS) process is based on aerobic biological treatment using fine bubble diffused aeration
Biological processes − the basics
The conventional activated sludge process
The CAS process comprises a biological tank, in which aerobic treatment takes place to bio-degrade the organic carbon and amino compounds, followed by a sedimentation tank (secondary clarifier). A membrane bioreactor is an adaptation of the conventional or classical activated sludge (CAS) process.
Biological processes − the basics
Topic
Biotreatment process configurations in membrane bioreactors
Aerobic processes require dissolved oxygen to convert organic carbon to carbon dioxide and ammonia to nitrate (nitrification)
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Topic
Key MBR operation and maintenance parameters – biological side
The biological process parameters in an MBR do not differ from those of a CAS process, though MBRs can operate at longer SRTs
Topic
MBR operation and maintenance − nutrient removal
Biological nutrient removal refers to the removal of nitrate (by ‘denitrification’), and organic and inorganic phosphorus
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